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░ Definition
Amphetamines are synthetic, addictive and neurotoxic drugs; substances derived from beta-phenyl-isopropylamine and presented in form of capsules or pills. Some of the most used are benzedrine, dexedrine or methylamphetamine.
Amphetamines were originally developed to treat asthma, hyperactivity and sleep disorders. In 1920, a drug called ephedrine was used to treat asthma. In China, the Ma Huang plant (Ephedra vulgaris) had been used for centuries to treat people with asthma. During World War II, amphetamines were given to soldiers to fight off fatigue and keep them alert.
░ Effects of amphetamines
Many of the effects of amphetamines are similar to cocaine. Addiction to and withdrawal from amphetamines are both possible. Amphetamine withdrawal is characterized by severe depression and fatigue.
In the short term
Increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, reduced appetite, dilation of the pupils, feelings of happiness and power, reduced fatigue.
In the long term
Insomnia, paranoid psicosis, hallucinations, violent and aggressive behavior, weight loss, tremors.
░ Nervous system
Amphetamines are stimulants of the central nervous system. Its main action is to increase the production of dopamine and norepinephrine of neurotransmitter systems. Amphetamines can cause the release of dopamine, block the dopamine reuptake, and inhibit the storage of dopamine in vesicles and the destruction of dopamine by enzymes.
░ Important: "Methamphetamine"
Methamphetamine or ‘crystal’ is a variant of amphetamine, whose use is growing in the last few years. Although use of amphetamine initially was limited to a few urban areas in the Southwest of the United States, all this country, besides Mexico and other world wide areas have been affected by this drug. Methamphetamine is a powerfully addictive stimulant associated with serious health conditions, including memory loss, aggression, psychotic behavior, and potential heart and brain damage. It also contributes to increased transmission of hepatitis and HIV/AIDS.
More information (University of Washington) >>
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